Back-pedaling brake.



4 Patened Nov. 6, 1.9.00. vA. a, ANTHONY-@L c. T. cuNN|us.

No. 66H64.

BACK PEDALING BRKE'.

(Application led Jan. 10, 1899.) I (No Model.) A 3 Sheds-Sheet l.

INVENTORS WITN Ess@ TM: Norms Firms co, PuoTo-Lmdn., wnlusvomp. z:4

No. 66H64.

, Patented Nov. |900. A. R. ANTHoNY `L c. T. cuNNlus. n

BACK VPEDLING I BRAKE.

(Application led Ilm.A 10, 1899A o Model.) 3 sheets-shei 2.

Patented, Nov. 6,1900. A. R. ANTHNY &,ICZ T. CUNNIUS. BACK PEDALINGBRAKE 3'Sheqts-Sheet 3.

'5mm/whom ref/mls (Application Bled Jan.. 10, 1899.) v

internal construction.

UNrTn STATES ALFRED ROWAN ANTHONY` 14T-ENT Fries.

AND oA'LvIN rr. oUNNIUs, oF wILKEs-BARR,

PENNSYLVANIA.

BACK-PEDALING BRAKE..

SPECIFICATION forming pari. of Letters Patent No. 661,164, aereaNovember e, 1900.

Application filed J anuary 10, 1899. Serial No. 701,736. tllc model.) I

To @IJ/l whom, it wmp concern: A

Be it known that we, ALFRED RowAN AN- THoNY and CALvIN T. CUNNIUS,citizens of the United States, residing at Wilkes-Barr, in the county ofLuzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Automatic Bicycle-Brakes, of which the following is aspecification. y

Our invention relates to improvements in` that class of automaticbicycle-brakes com` monly known as back-pedaling brakes; and itconsists, especially, in a brake of the class described applied to therear hub of a bicycle and in which the clutching actions are positiveand therefore always reliable.

The invention consists, further, in various details of construction andarrangement, all of which will be set forth in' the followingspecification, reference being had to the ac companying drawings, inwhich"- Figure 1 isa side View of the rear hub of a bicycle, part beingbroken away to show the Fig. 2 is an enlarged view, partly in section,of the left end of the hub. Fig. 3 is an end view of the sprocketwheel,partly in elevation and partlyon the lines a Z) c of Fig. 2, thesprocket-rim being shown in full lines. Fig. 4 is a view of the rightend of the hub, partly in section, to show the brake. Fig. 5 is an endelevation of the same, partly in section. Figs. 6 and 7 are Viewscorresponding to Figs. 2 and 3, illustrating a inodiiication of ourvinvention; and Fig. S is a detail of one of the rockers shown in Fig.(i.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, 1 indicates the .rear .axle of abicycle, adjusted in the usual manner to the rear fork 2 by means ofnuts 3. Within the fork 2 are bearingcones 4, and supported on theseconesis a cylindrical sleeve 5, which is formed in such a manner that itcan be slightly contracted or elongated to provide for adjustment of thewheel-bearings,ashereinafterdescribed. As shown in Figs; land 4, thisextensible sleeve is constructed in two independent parts havi-nginterlocking tongues 6, which permit the two parts of the sleeve to beadjusted longitudinally with reference to each other, but compel them torotate as one part. v

Connected to the sleeve 5 and adjustable 9 in the usual manner.

therewith are cones 7, upon'which run the ball-bearings 8, which supportthe wheel-hub Theadjnstmentofthe cones 7 is effected by means of thenuts 3 and 55 cones 4, which serve to adj ust the extensible sleeve 5,upon which the cones 7 are carried.

.The sprocket-rim 10, hereinafter called the driving-rim, is supportedby a series of rockers 11, the outer ends of which interlock 6o` withteeth 12 upon the inner face of the driving-rim andthe inner ends ofwhich interlock with projections 13 upon the hub 14, the said hub beingin' the form of a ring which is free to rotate between the cone-bearing15 65 and the shoulder-,16 on the end of the sleeve 5. The rockers 11permit the rim to rotate slightly back and forth relatively to vthe hub14 for a purposeto'be presently described.

Upon thel left end of the sleeve 5 is rigidly 7o connected aratchet-wheel`17,.and coperating with this ratchet-wheel are a series ofdogs 18, which have .teeth 19 engaging the innerteeth 12 of thedriving-rim, the engage` ment Vbeing such that the dogs are carried soas to pass Without touching said teeth; 8o

but when the driving-rim is turned backward the dogs at once engage the`ratchet-wheel, and thus rotate the sleeve 5 backward along with thedriving-rim for the purpose of putting on the brake, as will beexplained hereinafter.

To the right of the rockers 11 is a Asecond series of dogs 2O exactlylike the dogs 18 and having teeth 21, which engage the teeth l2 on theinner face of the driving-rim. The 9o inner ends 'of these dogs engage aratchetwheel 22 when the driving-rim is driven forward, and therebyrotate the hub 9 and the rear wheel of the bicycle, the ratchet-wheel 22being rigidly connected with the hub 9. 95

The driving-rim is guided, and the dogs and f their parts are inclosedby circular plates 23 24, the former being clamped totheextensiblesleeve and the latter to the wheel-hub, as

clearly shown in Fig. 2.

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the disk 25 is rigidly carried by the hub 9of the rear wheel,

lOO

and upon said disk is a braking-surface in the form of a ring or flange26. Surrounding this flange or ringr is a brake-band 27, preferablyprovided with a wearing-surface 28, of leather orother suitablematerial. One end of the brake-band is rigidly connected at 29 to afixed bracket 30, the latter being connected at one end tothe axle 1 andat the other end to the rear fork 2 by means of a clamp 31. 'lhe freeend 32 of the brake-band is connected to an arm 33, carried by asegment-gear 34E, which is pivoled to a stud 35 upon the bracket 30. Thesegment gear meshes with a similar segment-gear 3U, which is rigidlyconnected with the extensible sleeve 5. Vhen said sleeve is moved in onedirection, the gears 34 36 draw the brake-band tightly upon the braking-surface 26, and when the extensible sleeve is released the brake-bandis thrown off of the braking-surface by means of a spring 37. (See Fig.5.)

From the foregoing description the operation of our brake will probablybe apparent. It permits 'of coasting with the pedals stationary, and thebrake is applied by a slight backward movement. of the pedals, while theforward movement of the pedals drives the bicycle in the ordinarymanner. Thus when the pedals are moved forward the dogs 2O engage theratchet-wheel 22, which is fast upon the wheel-hub, and thus drive therear wheel. The dogs 18 at the same time ride freely over theratchet-wheel 17, which remains stationary. lVhen the pedals arestopped, the rear wheel is free to run forward, the dogs 2O riding idlyover the ratchet-wheel 22 and the dogs 18 and ratchet-wheelY 17remaining 'stationary. Then it is desired to put on the brake, thepedals are pressed backward. rl`he driving-rim 10 is thus turnedbackward, and the dogs 18 turn the ratchet-wheel 17 and the sleeve 5backward. The rearward movement of the sleeve turns the gears 34 and 36,Fig. 5, and applies the brake, the force with which the brake is applieddepending upon the amount of backward pressure exerted upon the pedals.The brake-band is incased in a box orcasing 3S to keep outdu st and oil.The bearings may be readily adjusted, as heretofore explained. drivenforward, the rockers 11 tip slightly on the pivotal points 13, justsufficient to permit the pawls 2O to engage the ratchet-wheel 22. Thelower projections 5l on the forward side of the rockers engage the ring14, and the driving-rim, rockers, and ring are carried forward togetheras if they were rigidly connected. Vhen the drivingrim is turnedbackward, it carries the rockers backward slightly until the pawls 18engage the ratchetwheel 17. At this time the lower rear corners 50 ofthe rockers impinge upon the ring 14 and the ring, rockers, anddrivingrim again become rigidly connected together and move as thoughconstructed ofa single piece. ln moving the parts either backward orforward the power is applied to the driving-rim \Vhen the driving-rimisV and transmitted next to the rockers and lastly to the ring. The ringis intended to run freely on its bearing, but without looseness thereon.The teeth on the outer end of the rockers and on the inner face of thedriving-rim resemble ordinary gear-teeth, and there is sufficientlooseness to permit the rockers to move slightly, as above described.The angular movement of the rockers is of course very slight, which willbe apparent from an inspection of the drawings.

In Figs. 6, 7, and 8 we have illustrated a modified form of reardriving-wheel which operates in a manner quite similar to the one abovedescribed. In these figures the rim 40 is supported upon rockers, eachof which consists in a middle portion 41, extending between a socket 4:2in the rim and a notch or socket 43 in the hub-ring-t-. Each oftherockers has an integral dog 45, adapted to engage a ratchet-wheel 46,which is connected to the sleeve 5, and an integral dog 47, adapted toengage the ratchet-wheel 48, which is connected to the rear hub. Theremaining parts (shown in Figs. (5 and 7) are exactly the same as thoseshown in Figs. 2 and 3 and heretofore described. The operation of thisform of the invention is substantially the same as the operation of theprevious form, with the exception that when the driving-rim ispositively moved backward the dogs 45 are positively drawn intoengagement with the ratchet-wheel 46, and when the rim is moved forwardthe dogs 47 are positively moved into engagement with the ratchet-wheel48, the rockers being free to move sufficiently to engage and disengagethe dogs, as described.

It will be evident that either of the forms shown in Figs. 2 and 6 maybe used with the brake shown in Figs. and 5 or wit-h any other suitableform of brake. Our invention is therefore not limited to the particularform of brake mechanism illustrated, although such has been found byusto be very effective. In outward appearance the driving-wheel selectedfor illustrating our in vention differs but slightly from the usualsinglepiece sprocket, as will be apparent from an inspection of Fig. 1.It affords, however, a positive and reliable means for operating abicycle-brake, and in this respect is much superior to driving devicesoperated in connection with ball or friction clutches, which are liableto slide and are often rendered useless by the accidental admission ofoil to their engaging surfaces.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an automatic bicycle-brake, the combination of a driving-rim, therear axle, an extensible sleeve surrounding said axle, said sleeve beingrotatable but normally stationary, bearings upon said sleeve, the rearwheelhub mounted on said bearings and free to revolve thereon while thesleeve is stationary, a brake device connected to one end of saidsleeve, and means for connecting and discon- IOC) necting thedriving-rim with the other end of said sleeve for the purpose ofapplying and releasing the brake.

2. In a backpedaling brake the combination with an axle of a sleevearranged to rotate about the axle, a wheel-hub arranged to rotate uponsaid sleeve, a ratchet-wheel connected to said sleeve, a secondratchet-wheel connected to said wheel-hub, a driving-rim surroundingsaid ratchet-wheels, dogs connected with the driving-rim and arranged toengage and rotate the ratchet-wheels, and a brake device also connectedto said sleeve, substantially as described.

3. In a back-pedaling brake, the combina` tion of an axle, a rotatablesleeve surrounding the axle,'a rotatable hub surrounding the sleeve, adriving rim, two ratchet wheels within said rim connected respectively'to said sleeve and 4hub, two series of dogs within said rim, one seriesfor each ratclletwheel, said-dogs being in permanent engagement with theriving-rim and adapted to drive the ratchet-wheels in oppositedirections corresponding to the backward and forward movements of thedriving-rim, and a brake device connected to said sleeve, substantiallyas described. Y

4. In a back-pedaling brake, in combination with the brake device, thecombined driving-wheel and clutch comprising a driving-rim, a series ot'rockers upon which said rim is supported, a ring supporting the innerends of the rockers, a ratchet-wheel on one side of said rockersconnected with the rear hub, a ratchet-wheel on the opposite side ofsaid rockers connected with the brake device, and a series of dogs foreach. ratchetwheel movably connected with the drivingrim, substantiallyas described.

5. In a backpedaling brake, the combination with a drivingrim of aseries of rockers supporting said rim, a ring upon which said rockersare supported, ratchet-wheels on opposite sides of said rockers andwithin the driving-rim, dogs on opposite sides of said rockers adaptedto connect the driving-rim with the ratchet-wheels, and disks inclosingsaid ratchet-wheels, dogs and rockers, the ratchet-wheels beingconnected respectively to the driving-wheel of the bicycle and to theAbrake, substantially as described.

6. In an automatic bicycle-brake, the cornbination with an axle of anextensible sleeve rotatably mounted on the axle, bearings carried by theparts of said sleeve, a wheel-hub carried on said bearings, said hubbeing free to revolve thereon while the sleeve is normally stationary,and means for adj usting the length of the sleeve, whereby the bearingsof said wheelhub are adjustable, substantially as described.

7 In an automatic bicycle-brake', the com# bination with an axle of anextensible sleeve Y rotatably mounted on the axle, and compris;

ing two halves having interlocking portions whereby they are adjustablelongitudinally but compelled to rotate together,cones mounted upon theparts of said sleeve, a wheel-hub having ball-bearings running on saidcones, said hub being free to revolve while the sleeve is normallystationary, and means foradjusting the two parts of the extensibleshaeve,

whereby the cone-bearings of the hub arcadjusted, substantially asdescribed.

8. In a back-pedaling brake, the combination with an axle of anextensible sleeve rotatably mounted on the axle, a wheel-hub rotatablymounted on said sleeve, ratchetwheels connected to said wheel hub andsleeve, respectively, a driving-rim, dogs connected with the driving-rimand adapted to move said ratchet-wheels in opposite directions, abrake-ring connected with the Wheelhub and a brake-band connected at oneend with the extensible sleeve and at the other end to a stationary partand arranged to be applied to the brakesurface when the sleeve isrotated backward, substantially as described. A

9. In a combined coaster and brake for velocipedes, the combination withthe wheelhub, a driving-wheel mounted loosely on one end thereof, and acoasting-clutch which is interposed between the driving-wheel and thehub and which drives the latter forwardly but allows said wheel to beheld stationary while the hub continues its forward rotation, of a brakemounted on astationary support at the opposite end of the hub, abrake-actuating device, a sleeve connected at one end withV saidactuating device and arranged lengthwise in the hub but independentthereof, said sleeve being normally stationary and free to be turnedbackwardly while the hub is free to rotate forwardly, and a brake-clutchinterposed between the opposite end of the sleeve and the driving-wheeland operating reversely to the coasting-clutch, substantially as setforth.

In testimony whereof we aftix our signatures in presence of ltwowitnesses.

ALFRED RowAN ANTHONY. cALvIN T. cUNNiUs.

Witnesses: Y

R. LAURA CANNON, LEONARD MAOHELL.

IOS

